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As you’ve probably heard, the planet is warming, and in response, people are trying to switch to cleaner energy sources, heat less, or at least slow down. well how are you
What Country Uses The Most Renewable Energy
A report released this month examined the issue in considerable detail. The Global State of Renewables Report (GSR), published annually by the Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century (REN21, a think tank), takes an in-depth look at the growth rates of various energy sources, including investments in clean energy. flows and where the world is in the sustainable development goals.
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This is a treasure trove of information. Also… really long. 250 pages long. So many words!
To save you, the modern information consumer, precious time, I’ve sifted through this report and pulled out 12 charts and graphs that best illustrate the 2018 clean energy story.
First, we are still going in the wrong direction. Global carbon emissions are not falling fast enough. In fact, they did not fall anywhere. In 2018, they increased by 1.7%.
In the wrong direction. Globally, fossil fuel subsidies rose 11 percent between 2016 and 2017, reaching $300 billion a year.
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Third, cleanup efforts are lagging. This week brought good news for the U.S. – The U.S. produced more electricity from clean sources than coal for the first time in April, Bloomberg reported Tuesday. But the GSR report shows that total investment in renewable energy (excluding hydropower) was $288.9 billion in 2018, less than fossil fuel subsidies and down 11% from 2017.
All of this is bad news. The public is under the impression that although things are bad, they are eventually accelerating for the better. This is not true. Overall, we have not been able to reverse course. Despite all the progress described below, we are still working on implementing the emergency brake.
First, some good news: Change in the electricity industry is virtually unstoppable. Globally, for the fourth year in a row, renewable energy capacity has surpassed new fossil fuel and nuclear power capacity. About 181 GW of new renewable energy capacity was added in 2018; it currently accounts for more than a third of global electricity capacity. These are the main sources of energy and will continue to be.
As the graph below shows, wind and bioenergy capacity growth has been fairly stable, while hydropower has declined slightly. The main reason for the increase in renewable energy potential is the increase in solar photovoltaic (PV) panels.
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Solar photovoltaics accounted for 55% (about 100 GW) of new renewable energy capacity added in 2018, wind accounted for 28%, and hydroelectricity accounted for 11%. The future of the world depends largely on the continued explosion of the sun.
The table below also shows the rapid growth of solar PV in the US, Japan (due to Fukushima and subsequent nuclear power plant shutdowns), and most recently in India.
When it comes to energy, regardless of category, China is usually the largest and most numerous. It was responsible for 32% of global renewable energy investments in 2018. It is a major investor in hydropower, solar photovoltaic and wind power and is a world leader in installed capacity.
(A few things to note in the chart below: Japan has an unusually high percentage of sunlight, and bioenergy plays a relatively large role in the EU and the US.)
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All the growth and investment in renewable electricity is starting to increase. As shown in the table below, renewable energy accounts for more than a third of the world’s installed capacity and more than 26% of global electricity generation.
However, about 16 percent of hydropower accounts for more than half of total renewable energy. Renewable energy, wind and solar, make up only 8% of total energy, as people think. Even when it comes to electricity, renewable energy has a lot to do.
An important aspect of the political economy of renewable energy: Solar PV creates more jobs. Despite being a small fraction of renewable energy potential, it accounts for the majority of renewable energy jobs in the world. Wind power leads solar in generating capacity, but creates fewer jobs. Solar PV is labor intensive.
Other than electricity, good news is harder to come by. While renewables account for 26% of global electricity, they account for less than 10% of heating and cooling (less than 2% of renewable electricity) and 3.3% of transport energy (a total of 0, 3%). ).
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Heating and cooling accounts for 51% of global energy use, largely dependent on natural gas and oil. Transportation accounts for 32% of global energy use and is largely dependent on gasoline and diesel.
169 countries have adopted national or provincial/provincial renewable energy targets. Meanwhile, the report says, “only 47 countries have targets for renewable heating and cooling, while the number of countries with regulatory policies in this area has dropped from 21 to 20.” Globally, less than a third of states have mandatory building codes in place, “in 2018, 60% of total energy use in buildings occurred in jurisdictions without energy efficiency policies.” Industrial energy efficiency policies cover only a quarter of industrial energy.
Transport isn’t doing so well either, “by the end of the year, fuel economy policies for light trucks are only in place in 40 countries and are largely offset by vehicle trends.”
Carbon pricing doesn’t help much either. “Carbon pricing is not yet widely implemented,” the report said. “As of the end of 2018, only 44 national governments, 21 provinces/provinces and 7 cities had implemented carbon pricing policies, covering only 13% of global CO2 emissions.”
Countries That Use The Most Solar And Renewable Energy.
It’s the story of America and the world: Renewables are starting to gain ground in electricity, but they’re lagging far behind everywhere else.
Although transportation is still dominated by fossil fuels, change is underway. In 2018, the report says, “the number of electric passenger cars worldwide increased by 63 percent compared to 2017” and “a large number of cities are switching to electric bus fleets.”
In this regard, China beats the rest of the world even though its aggressive EV policies shout at the small country of Norway, which is included in the global statistics.
The report includes a feature on the prospects for a clean energy boom in cities around the world. Cities, which account for an average of 65% of global energy demand and are home to more than half of the world’s population, use more renewable electricity than countries. Currently, at least 100 cities in the world use 90%-100% renewable electricity. At least 230 companies have set a 100% renewable energy target in at least one industry.
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Every year, the G20 countries come together to criticize and eliminate fossil fuel subsidies. Fossil fuel subsidies have grown each year—up 11 percent to $300 billion in 2017. At least 112 countries and at least 73 countries provided more than $100 million in subsidies in 2017. “
And that’s just a direct subsidy. As my colleague Umair Irfan reports, a recent IMF report estimated that total fossil fuel subsidies—direct taxes and cash transfers, as well as indirect priceless environmental damage—reached $52,000 million in 2017. .
Any climate model that involves humans meeting their carbon goals assumes a rapid decline in “energy intensity,” the amount of energy used to produce a unit of GDP. In theory, reducing energy intensity quickly enough could offset the natural increase in energy consumption (from population and economic growth) and even lead to a reduction in total energy demand.
In theory, anyway. In fact, global energy intensity has decreased by only 2.2% over the past five years. This was not enough to offset the 1.2% increase in global energy demand.
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Energy intensity decreases by about 0.4% per year. To achieve global decarbonization goals by mid-century, global energy intensity must be reduced by 4 to 10 percent per year. This means that the world needs to be about 10 times more efficient and electrified.
So what does it all add up to? One (admittedly imperfect) way to record progress in renewable energy is to compare it to Total Final Energy Consumption (TFEC), which calculates all energy consumed globally.
As of 2017, fossil fuels still provide about 80% of human energy, the same as they have for decades. Exclude conventional biomass, with all its problems of logging, monoculture, and competition for land with food, and you’re left with about 13% reasonably climate-friendly energy (different people may want to exclude other sources, but more importantly
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Renewable Energy And Wildlife Conservation
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Author by : Christopher E. Moorman
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2019-09-10
Publisher by : JHU Press
ISBN :
Description : Brings together disparate conversations about wildlife conservation and renewable energy, suggesting ways these two critical fields can work hand in hand. Renewable energy is often termed simply "green energy," but its effects on wildlife and other forms of biodiversity can be quite complex. While capturing renewable resources like wind, solar, and energy from biomass can require more land than fossil fuel production, potentially displacing wildlife habitat, renewable energy infrastructure can also create habitat and promote species health when thoughtfully implemented. The authors of Renewable Energy and Wildlife Conservation argue that in order to achieve a balanced plan for addressing these two crucially important sustainability issues, our actions at the nexus of these fields must be directed by current scientific information related to the ecological effects of renewable energy production. Synthesizing an extensive, rapidly growing base of research and insights from practitioners into a single, comprehensive resource, contributors to this volume • describe processes to generate renewable energy, focusing on the Big Four renewables—wind, bioenergy, solar energy, and hydroelectric power • review the documented effects of renewable energy production on wildlife and wildlife habitats • consider current and future policy directives, suggesting ways industrial-scale renewables production can be developed to minimize harm to wildlife populations • explain recent advances in renewable power technologies • identify urgent research needs at the intersection of renewables and wildlife conservation Relevant to policy makers and industry professionals—many of whom believe renewables are the best path forward as the world seeks to meet its expanding energy needs—and wildlife conservationists—many of whom are alarmed at the rate of renewables-related habitat conversion—this detailed book culminates with a chapter underscoring emerging opportunities in renewable energy ecology. Contributors: Edward B. Arnett, Brian B. Boroski, Regan Dohm, David Drake, Sarah R. Fritts, Rachel Greene, Steven M. Grodsky, Amanda M. Hale, Cris D. Hein, Rebecca R. Hernandez, Jessica A. Homyack, Henriette I. Jager, Nicole M. Korfanta, James A. Martin, Christopher E. Moorman, Clint Otto, Christine A. Ribic, Susan P. Rupp, Jake Verschuyl, Lindsay M. Wickman, T. Bently Wigley, Victoria H. Zero...
The Power Of Renewables
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Author by : Chinese Academy of Engineering
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2011-01-29
Publisher by : National Academies Press
ISBN :
Description : The United States and China are the world's top two energy consumers and, as of 2010, the two largest economies. Consequently, they have a decisive role to play in the world's clean energy future. Both countries are also motivated by related goals, namely diversified energy portfolios, job creation, energy security, and pollution reduction, making renewable energy development an important strategy with wide-ranging implications. Given the size of their energy markets, any substantial progress the two countries make in advancing use of renewable energy will provide global benefits, in terms of enhanced technological understanding, reduced costs through expanded deployment, and reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to conventional generation from fossil fuels. Within this context, the U.S. National Academies, in collaboration with the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), reviewed renewable energy development and deployment in the two countries, to highlight prospects for collaboration across the research to deployment chain and to suggest strategies which would promote more rapid and economical attainment of renewable energy goals. Main findings and concerning renewable resource assessments, technology development, environmental impacts, market infrastructure, among others, are presented. Specific recommendations have been limited to those judged to be most likely to accelerate the pace of deployment, increase cost-competitiveness, or shape the future market for renewable energy. The recommendations presented here are also pragmatic and achievable....
Renewable Energy Law And Development
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Author by : Richard L. Ottinger
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2013
Publisher by : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN :
Description : Half the worlds new electric generating capacity added each year from 2008 onwards has been renewable, mainly now in developing countries. So is the quarter-trillion dollars a year of private investment in modern renewable energy. Organizations like REN21 and Bloomberg New Energy Finance track exciting and accelerating recent progress. But to understand how these renewable energy efforts in major developing countries have been structured and are evolving requires a guidebook with a legal and institutional perspective. Energy veteran Richard Ottinger and his Pace Law School graduate students from many key countries have now provided that guideclearly written, well-organized, and a great public service. Amory B. Lovins, Rocky Mountain Institute, US Richard Ottinger, a pioneer in the development of national policy to promote renewable energy in the US, and his Pace Law School research assistants have created a unique piece of work on the legal and policy issues behind the global growth of renewable energy. Their book is indispensable as a text for law professors and students and as the definitive reference for lawyers and policymakers about developing and emerging country policies driving renewable energy use around the world. The fact that most of the research assistants are natives of the countries on which they researched and wrote their respective chapters gives the book uniquely credible insights into the legal and policy challenges faced by these countries, providing valuable lessons for others wanting to build renewable energy capacity in their own countries. Robert Noun, Former Executive Director of Public Affairs, National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Adjunct Professor, University of Denver Sturm College of Law, US This book is unique in the literature on renewable energy law and policy. Firstly, it focuses on developing countries which means it fills the gap in international literature currently lacking on law and policy on renewable energy in developing countries. Secondly, it applies a basic uniform analysis method to each of the case studies. This makes the results of the case studies considerably comparable. Finally, based on the introduction to the related laws, policies and projects of the target countries, the author summarizes their experience and lessons. It is these summaries that reflect the purpose and value of this book. Wang Xi, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China This is a unique book written by one of the leading scholars in the field. It uses detailed case studies to analyze the successes, failures and challenges of renewable energy initiatives in developing and emerging countries. Incorporating the insights and perspectives of researchers who come from the respective countries covered, the study compares some of the most exciting success stories, including: Chinas meteoric rise from near zero use of renewable energy to being the world leader in solar thermal, solar photovoltaic and wind energy; Brazils success in becoming the worlds top ethanol producer and exporter; and Indias pioneering use of a hedge plant to produce biodiesel and its use of animal and human wastes for rural electrification. The book also describes Indonesias disastrous palm oil program which cut down its forests and excavated its peat bogs. It concludes that good leadership is the largest factor in success, but that it is also critical to include public participation, training, transparency, environmental consideration, fair labor practices, protection against exploitation and enforcement. This book is designed to be helpful to other countries seeking to initiate renewable energy programs. It will appeal to local administrators and policymakers, field personnel from UN agencies and NGOs, and renewable energy funders, as well as to academic researchers....
Electricity From Renewable Resources
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Author by : National Research Council
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2010-04-05
Publisher by : National Academies Press
ISBN :
Description : A component in the America's Energy Future study, Electricity from Renewable Resources examines the technical potential for electric power generation with alternative sources such as wind, solar-photovoltaic, geothermal, solar-thermal, hydroelectric, and other renewable sources. The book focuses on those renewable sources that show the most promise for initial commercial deployment within 10 years and will lead to a substantial impact on the U.S. energy system. A quantitative characterization of technologies, this book lays out expectations of costs, performance, and impacts, as well as barriers and research and development needs. In addition to a principal focus on renewable energy technologies for power generation, the book addresses the challenges of incorporating such technologies into the power grid, as well as potential improvements in the national electricity grid that could enable better and more extensive utilization of wind, solar-thermal, solar photovoltaics, and other renewable technologies....
Renewable Energy In Developing Countries
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Author by : Hoy-Yen Chan
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2018-08-20
Publisher by : Springer
ISBN :
Description : This book discusses aspects of policy and techno-economic analysis of renewable energy in developing countries. Renewable energy technologies have been one of the most important strategies in addressing sustainable energy development and climate change. The roles of renewable energy in developing countries are vital, which include the accessibility of modern energy services in rural areas, climate change mitigation, energy security, green job creation and eventually improvement of quality of life. Part I of this book focuses on policy and strategy, while Part II focuses on technology development and feasibility. Chapters are contributed by leading experts from the ASEAN Center of Energy, government agencies, industries, and universities from five developing countries, including Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Brunei Darussalam and Bangladesh....
Renewable Energy
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Author by : David Elliott
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2018-03-28
Publisher by : Springer
ISBN :
Description : Significant progress has been made by industrial countries to reduce emissions from the use of fossil fuels, but as the economies of the less-developed regions of the world begin to expand, they too will face similar challenges. This book looks at energy transitions being made in developing countries, focusing on the adoption of renewable energy systems in Africa, for example under the UN Sustainable Energy for All programme, but also by the EU in the Former Soviet countries of Eastern and Central Europe. It draws on experience from involvement with programmes in the EU and Africa and will be of great interest to academics, policy makers and practitioners in the development aid and renewable energy policy fields....
Renewable Energy A Status Quo
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Author by : Ali Sayigh
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2016-05-15
Publisher by : River Publishers
ISBN :
Description : It is evident to all that climate change is happening -- the results can be seen in many countries. Floods, freak storms, wind speeds of more than 80 mph, heat waves, droughts, rising sea levels and disappearing glaciers, largely due to excessive use of fossil fuels. Climate change acceleration began slowly in the 1970's but has now increased beyond our ability to stop it or reduce its impact. Using renewable energy effectively on a large scale will put an end or considerably slow down this process in many parts of the world. This book shows that some countries are making greater efforts than others. Installations of the '70's and '80's were limited to kilowatts while in the 2010's we speak in terms of megawatts. The cost of most renewable energy systems has been reduced by so much that they have reached parity with fossil fuels, or are even cheaper. The most effective progress has been made in photovoltaic systems, whilst concentrated solar power, biomass, wind energy and hydro-power have greatly improved payback periods too. While much is hoped from the outcome of the December 2015 Paris climate summit, realistically in the past very few nations honored their pledges. A great deal of aid has been given to poor countries which are suffering from climate change, however, the donor nations have failed to restrict their own carbon emissions. Many poor countries feel they are being expected to forgo the industrial benefits which came from the industrial revolution powered by fossil fuels. The book will outline the achievements of renewable energy by the end of 2015 / beginning of 2016....
