Renewable Energy Directive – Analysis of performance characteristics of Ni-V and Ni-V-Bn(H) piston cylinders at different in-cylinder temperatures installed in an air-cooled engine.
Stochastic and Fuzzy Models – A Debate on the Reliability of a Large European Hospital Power Supply System
Renewable Energy Directive
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Europe’s Renewable Energy Directive Poised To Harm Global Forests
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European Parliament Gives Final Green Light To New Eu 32% Renewable Energy Target
Received: January 4, 2022 / Modified: January 24, 2022 / Accepted: January 25, 2022 / Published: January 29, 2022
This article examines the adoption of renewable energy in the children’s climate package considering the value of green consumer products in Poland. The research problem presented in this article is related to the measurement of consumer values in relation to the green concept; Including customer confirmation of available offers from real businesses. In addition, consumer demand is important to ensure the adoption of renewable energy, which provides opportunities for its production in the conditions of the Fit 55 climate package. statistical tests. The study is presented in several sections with detailed presentation of secondary and primary data. The main result of the study is based on the primary data using a structured questionnaire in Poland and 557 collected samples. These days, the responsibility also lies with the consumer, because green consumption includes green production. The study concludes that Polish consumers have a good level of adoption of RES based on the current state of green energy in Poland, which can lead to sustainability and benefit government policymakers, companies and consumers.
Weather package; Renewable energy source (RES); European Green Business; Green customer value for climate package; Renewable energy source (RES); European Green Business; Green customer value
Poland has a special historical dependence on coal energy. Therefore, the transition to renewable energy is very difficult and expensive. According to the estimates of the European Commission, the energy supply in Poland amounts to 240 billion euros [1]. The Polish government is trying to finance the Just Transition Fund (JTF) specifically for the development of the transition period. According to a study conducted in Poland on future main sources of electricity, dependence on fossil fuels, mainly coal and gas, will continue until 2040 [1]. However, a commensurate change in fossil fuel use will be evident with a focus on sources that bring fossil fuels to zero between now and 2040, including the implementation of all renewable energy sources [1]. Data analyzed by NASA showed that increasing levels of carbon dioxide, mainly carbon dioxide, must be addressed. This rate has increased for 13 years, from 2006 to 2019. Co now
Directive On The Promotion Of The Use Of Energy From Res
An accumulation of about 411 ppm would result in a 1.1 °C increase in global surface temperatures compared to pre-industrial (late 19th century) levels.
Countries have decided to reduce carbon emissions. In the adaptation process, Germany is implementing a plan to reduce carbon emissions by at least 80% by 2050 and has developed a roadmap for the implementation of this process [2]. Carbon dioxide, which is produced from energy (CO
Emissions account for the largest share of GHG emissions and today account for 85% of the total GHG emissions in Germany [1]. The European Union has shown consistent success in climate and environmental protection. Policies related to the development of the energy sector, which prioritize the achievement of the goals set by the European Commission, are the most important means of promoting green energy. The goals set out in the European Green Deal documents go beyond the scope of the Paris Agreement. The European Union aims to be climate neutral by 2050. These goals are compatible with the environmental perspective and should have the coordinated support of political parties, as well as greater coordination with the goals related to the development of economic infrastructure, taking into account the social conditions of the member states. Due to the crisis of COVID-19, the recession in the European economy took place, the economic problems are still ongoing and visible in the life of society.
Meanwhile, questions are being raised about the current situation. One such question is related to the importance and level of priority that member states assign to the climate, and another is the implementation of the transition in the energy sector. The implementation of the energy transition requires an unconditional effort in terms of convincing the communities and countries involved in the development and implementation of the policy [3]. Trends in Poland’s energy sector so far show encouragement from the government, although the energy sector is also in crisis. This exacerbated the growing economic and political problems associated with the high cost of domestic energy production of coal and lignite and accelerated the decline in the use of these raw materials. The government department for the energy sector has negotiated with trade unions in 2020 and decided to switch from coal to energy production in Poland [3]. An independent scientific advisory panel has been established under European climate law and a “carbon budget” has been implemented to oversee the process of setting emission reduction targets for 2040. The “Fit for 55” package also includes recommendations for EU reforms. A comprehensive climate and energy policy to 2030, including laws on energy efficiency, land and forest use, renewable energy, new vehicle emissions and energy tax guidelines. The carbon trading system should be reformed according to this proposal.
Feedback On Renewable Energy Directive
The financing of the European Green Deal will be reinforced by a green financial strategy and, according to von der Leyen’s ideas, large public funds will be used for research and innovation. It is worth noting that the European Green Deal was partially supported by the European Union. The budget and the next generation of the European Union. The WHO recently announced new air quality recommendations (previously announced in 2005) that governments can base their decisions on. Importantly, ultrafine particles are included in the record for the first time. Unfortunately, the conclusions of the recommendations are disappointing – almost 100% of the population lives in places where the level of pollution exceeds the norm. Air pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuels, oil and coal is one of the biggest threats to humans and has deadly consequences. Therefore, it is important to change energy sources. In addition, current models predict that catastrophic meteorological events such as wildfires and hurricanes will increase. Therefore, humanity has no choice but to switch to clean energy. Unfortunately, coal fires – not only in Poland, but also in Australia – are very powerful and affect government decisions [4].
The development of renewable energy and resource exploration is at a stage of development, in which the countries of the European Union (EU) are more involved in making decisions on the implementation of strategies to achieve the goals of the “European Green Deal” [5] and are committed to the sources use renewable energy (RE) more. Sustainable use of energy is the main goal of Polish regional authorities. This goal helps to transition from coal energy production to NOB [6]. Sustainable development is only possible through joint efforts to implement RES; Although it is difficult, it is the only way to reduce costs to create a workable model [7, 8]. Implementation of climate policy in the European Union. is the main motivation for Poland to revive its energy sector and switch to traditional energy sources [9]. The development of the world economy depends more on energy
Solar renewable energy credits, renewable energy funds, red renewable energy directive, renewable energy directive 2009, eu directive on renewable energy, renewable energy etf, european union renewable energy directive, renewable energy degree, eu renewable energy directive, european renewable energy directive, texas renewable energy, directive energy
Dynamics Of Eu Renewable Energy Policy Integration
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Author by : Mariam Dekanozishvili
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2023-01-01
Publisher by : Springer Nature
ISBN :
Description : This book provides a comprehensive account of EU's renewable energy policy development as it traces the agenda-shaping, policy formulation and decision-making phases of the EU's secondary legislation on renewable energy – that is the three successive directives of 2001 (RES-E), 2009 (RED), and 2018 (RED II). It also explores the EU's energy policymaking dynamics and assess integration outcomes of these three policymaking instances in the renewable energy field from a comparative perspective. Enriched with elite interviews with the Brussels policy community, and drawing on European integration and public policy literature, the proposed book will resonate with and offer relevant insights to students, scholars, stakeholders, and policymakers interested in EU energy policy, in particular, and European integration, in general....
The Renewable Energy Directive And The Challenges For The Biodiesel Industry Insigths Into A Dynamic And Opaque Industry
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Author by : Markus Beck
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2013-06-01
Publisher by : Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag)
ISBN :
Description : In response to climate change, and unsustainable energy consumption, the European Parliament launched a climate and energy package in 2009. This included the 20:20:20 Energy Strategy whose aim was to decrease the effects of climate change, in particular by lowering greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2020. This 10-year action plan proposes measures to increase the current efficiency levels of energy use, and raises the share of renewable energies within the energy mix for all 27 EU Member States. As a result, the increased use of biofuels, particularly in the transport sector, will be an important part of a more complex framework. Although, biofuels represent only two per cent of total transport fuels used, political incentives, technology, and efficiency improvements could increase this by eight per cent in Europe by 2020. In line with the 20:20:20 Strategy, the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) was introduced to regulate the overall biofuel market, amongst others. Based on the RED’s definition of sustainability, different certification schemes emerged, aimed at creating a uniform biofuel standard within Europe. At present, the overall scale and scope of environmental and social impacts associated with the biofuel supply chain are not well defined, and this will be evaluated within this work. Furthermore, close ties between the biofuel supply chain, and other sectors, including food and crude oil industries lead to associations with issues such as deforestation, pollution and food supply shortages. Thus, this book will analyse whether RED actually supports such a low-carbon pathway or it mainly supports the local industry....
The European Renewable Energy Yearbook
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Author by : Christopher Jones
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2010-02
Publisher by :
ISBN :
Description : This volume brings together some of Europe's key government officials, industry leaders, and lawyers, who have shaped public and industrial opinion and whose day-to-day business now involves ensuring that the Renewable Energy Directive (Directive 2009/28/EC) is implemented effectively. They are examining the main issues facing the EU's fast changing renewable markets; outlining the main challenges for the future, and providing possible answers; and how some of the key practical issues, raised by the directive could, should, and will be resolved. Highlights: A zero carbon energy policy for Europe: the only viable solution. Renewable energy 2020 and beyond: delivering on the EU targets, and moving towards a low carbon energy future. Re-engineering the European Transmission grid. The new EU Directive on renewable energies from the perspective of a member state. The global context and challenges for energy. The effectiveness of different support schemes in a single energy market. Biofuels: fighting climate change and famine in the world. Cogeneration under the EU Emission Trading Scheme....
Eu Renewable Electricity Law And Policy
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Author by : Tim Maxian Rusche
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2015-12-11
Publisher by : Cambridge University Press
ISBN :
Description : There are two basic policy tools for promoting renewable electricity: price regulation (feed-in tariffs) and quantity regulation (green certificates). In economic theory, they are equally efficient. Contrary to conventional thinking, the author demonstrates that under real-world conditions, price regulation is more efficient. EU law obliges Member States to put support schemes in place, but leaves their design to national authorities. They need, however, to comply with EU state aid and internal market rules, and their financing may not result in import duties and discriminatory taxation. This book provides a detailed analysis of the decisions practice adopted by the Commission and the case law of the Union Courts. As support schemes mature, has time not come for putting an end to regulatory competition? With huge efficiency gains to be expected, the author expertly examines the political obstacles and sets out three different pathways to achieve EU-wide harmonization....
The Eu S Target For Renewable Energy
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Author by : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. European Union Committee
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2008
Publisher by : The Stationery Office
ISBN :
Description : This is the 27th report from the European Union Committee (HLP 175-I, ISBN 9780104013656) and examines the European Union target for renewable energy. Known as the 20/20 package, the European Commission wishes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20%, as well as increasing the proportion of final energy consumption from renewable sources to 20%, both by 2020. Each Member State will be given a national target based on their existing renewable generation, their GDP and a flat-increase for all. The Committee believes that achieving the 20% increase of energy via renewable resources will be extremely challenging, and states that further research is required in this area. Further, the Commission's objective of creating a standardised Guarantee of Origin (GoO), where Member States could meet part of their targets by counting energy generated in another country for which they have bought a GoO certificate, is seen by the Committee as potentially undermining efforts to increase renewable generation domestically. The starting point for the Government is a reduction of the absolute level of final energy consumption through energy efficiency and saving measures. Further the Government needs to commit more fully to increasing the level of renewable heat in the UK and should increase grants for microgeneration along with support to bring emerging technologies, such as wind power to a commercially viable state. The Committee also highlights the barriers of meeting its targets in respect of the access given to renewable generators to the electricity grid, and believes the generators should be allowed to connect ahead of grid capacity upgrades. The Committee believes that the 20/20 targets are unachievable unless the Government take quick and decisive action on all fronts, including large -scale generation, microgeneration and energy efficiency. Meeting the target will increase energy costs for consumers, but offers a way forward in moving away from the use of fossil fuels in the future....
Energy Transition
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Author by : Jens Lowitzsch
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2019-01-09
Publisher by : Springer
ISBN :
Description : Consumer (co-)ownership in renewable energy (RE) is essential to the overall success of Energy Transition. In June 2018, the European Union agreed on a corresponding enabling framework as part of a recast of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II). The transposition of these comprehensive rules – in particular those on local RE communities – requires developing, implementing and rolling out business models that broaden the capital participation of consumers. The challenge is to include municipalities and/or commercial investors like SMEs and advance to economies of scale while retaining the benefits of individual consumer participation. This book is addressed to energy consumers in local communities, their municipalities and to the policy makers who represent them. Additionally, non-EU countries, in particular those where rural areas have limited access to energy, e.g. in Asia, Africa and Latin America, may be interested in the benefits of consumer ownership. While demand for energy in developing countries is growing, access to energy is crucial for improving the quality of life. The editor of this book presents a new model of consumer ownership in RE for both the EU and countries worldwide. Part One describes the rationale for consumer ownership in RE with regard to social, organizational, legal and financial conditions. Part Two discusses the issue of financing RE and introduces a new financing technique, the Consumer Stock Ownership Plan (CSOP), comparing it to traditional models. Part Three provides 18 country studies from Europe, North America, South America and Asia, organized so as to enable a cross-country comparison of policy approaches and feasibility. Policy recommendations are based on the results of this survey. Part Four summarizes, compares the best practice cases, presents a cost-benefit analysis of “prosumage” and against this background evaluates the impact on future policy....
Renewable Energy Communities And The Low Carbon Energy Transition In Europe
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Author by : Frans H. J. M. Coenen
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2022-01-03
Publisher by : Springer Nature
ISBN :
Description : This volume addresses renewable energy communities, and in particular renewable energy cooperatives (REScoops), in the context of the revised EU Renewables Directive. It provides a comprehensive account of the history and development of the renewable energy community movement in over six different countries of continental Europe. It addresses their visions, strategy, organisation, agency, and more particularly the challenges they encounter. This is of particular importance to gain more understanding into how renewable energy communities fare in domestic energy markets where they are confronted with regime institutions, structures and incumbents’ agency that tend to favour maintaining of the status quo while blocking attempts to empower and institutionalise renewable energy communities as market entrants having a disruptive, radical green and localist agenda. This volume will be an invaluable reference for academics and practitioners with an interest in social innovation in sustainable transitions, the role of community energy in energy markets, their agency, as well as an outlook to the impact that the EU Renewables Directive may have to change national legislation and policy frameworks to create a level playing field that is essentially more fair and beneficial to renewable energy communities....
