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How Is Geothermal Energy Renewable
Presentation Papers represent the most advanced research with great potential for high impact in the field. Articles are submitted by personal invitation or at the recommendation of scientific editors and undergo peer review before publication.
Unlocking Japan’s Geothermal Energy Potential
A Research Paper can be an original research paper, a new research paper that often involves several methods or methods, or a specialized review paper with specific and accurate information on recent advances in the field, systematically reviewing the most recent scientific advances be happy. text. This type of paper provides an overview of future research directions or possible applications.
Editor’s Notes articles are based on the recommendations of science writers from around the world. The editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be of most interest or importance to writers in the field. The aim is to provide an overview of some of the most interesting works published in the various research areas of the journal.
By Ram Avtar 1, * , Netrananda Sahu 2, 3, Ashwani Kumar Aggarwal 4, Shamik Chakraborty 5, Ali Kharrazi 6, 7, Ali P. Yunus 8, Jie Dou 9 and Tonni Agustino Kurniawan 10
Basic Research of Marine and Terrestrial Ecosystems (Xiamen University), Department of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
Renewable Energy Engineering: Solar, Wind, Biomass, Hydrogen And Geothermal Energy Systems
Received: June 30, 2019 / Revised: August 9, 2019 / Accepted: August 15, 2019 / Published: August 19, 2019
Renewable energy has gained significant traction in recent years. This is because fossil fuels are running out and the demand for energy is increasing due to the growing world population. This article tries to give an idea of what remote sensing and geographic information (GIS) researchers are doing to study renewable energy resources to move towards a sustainable future. There are many studies related to renewable resources, e.g. geothermal energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass and solar energy. This review paper focuses on investigating how remote sensing and GIS can be useful in finding the best locations for renewable resources. This text also includes many studies from different parts of the world that use these methods to study different renewable energy sites. Although each method and the GIS used for the study of renewable energies seem to be well marketed as more effective than others, it is important to remember that the fact that the combination of different methods is better useful for work. Throughout the paper, many issues related to the use of remote sensing and GIS for renewable energy are analyzed from the present and the future, and possible solutions are suggested. The authors believe that the conclusions and recommendations obtained from the research articles and literature reviewed in this study will be important to renewable energy scientists and policy makers.
Geothermal energy; wind force; biomass; hydroelectric power; solar power; renewable resources; geothermal energy from oil; wind force; biomass; hydroelectric power; solar power; renewable resources; motor oil
Non-renewable energy sources based on fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas and wood are widely used for the production of electricity, transportation, home and industrial heating, etc. However, non-renewable resources are being consumed due to the increasing demand for energy due to population growth [1, 2, 3]. With the growing awareness and the scientific community of the threat of climate change in the world at large, the need to get rid of fossil fuels and change to renewable resources has come in recent years [4]. Therefore it is necessary to find other sources of energy, since the need for energy will always be there. The renewable energy sector has grown significantly in electricity generation, heating systems and urban transport [5]. This article focuses on five types of renewable energy viz. geothermal, wind, biomass, water and solar energy (Figure 1).
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Geothermal energy is considered an ecological system. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources, climate change does not seem to have a major negative impact on the reliability of geothermal energy, but the widespread geothermal energy can play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. trigger [6] . In addition, the modern technology for the management of reservoirs together with the continuous renewal of heat from the processes of the earth ensure that the electrical systems can be used. Geothermal energy is derived from the heat generated by the natural decay of radioactive isotopes on Earth. This internal heat transfer is calculated to give a total heat energy at a depth of 10 km of 1.3 × 10.
Oil barrel [7]. If we consider that the world’s energy consumption is equal to about 100 million barrels of oil per day, the geothermal energy can meet the needs for six million years [8]. Geothermal systems are generally divided into three categories: geothermal or geothermal systems, conventional systems, and deep water systems. Steam or water can dominate the convection system [9]. Special features on the surface include hot springs, fumaroles, and chemically altered rocks. Sometimes, however, such displays are not present. Currently, it includes hot rocks and magmatic sources, and deep aquifers that contain fluids in porous media at a depth of more than 3 km, but there is no local magmatic hot source. Electricity can be produced by steam or by using two hydrocarbon vessels to drive turbine engines that are installed to generate electricity. Currently, geothermal energy accounts for 0.4% of global electricity production, with a growth rate of 5%. In comparison, solar energy provides less than 0.2% of the world’s energy production, but has a growth rate of 25-30% [10 ]. Currently, the total installed capacity of geothermal resources worldwide is 10,898 MW, which is equivalent to 67,246 GWh of electricity [6].
Wind energy, an alternative to fossil fuels, is an abundant, renewable and clean resource. Wind energy converts wind energy into electricity. Small offshore wind farms provide electricity to remote areas. Statistics show that wind energy is among the fastest growing energy sources in the world. From 2000 to 2006, wind power increased, with many new projects in China, America, Denmark, and other countries [11, 12]. The strength of the work of the wind depends greatly on the location of the work. A proper pre-funding analysis helps predict the outcome of the project and reduces uncertainty [13]. The main characteristics of the success of a wind power project lie in factors such as wind power, altitude, topography, road connectivity, proximity to electricity, and distance from protected areas [14]. Based on the location, wind power is divided into two categories, i.e. On land and sea [15]. Wind farms located on land are often referred to as offshore farms. The topography and roughness of the surface are seen in offshore wind farm projects. Transportation and roads are also considered. In the case of offshore wind farms, usually satellite images are analyzed to check the location and elevation [16]. Satellite models provide guidance for further decision-making in wind farm projects.
Among satellite images, light detection and measurement (LiDAR), sound detection and measurement (SODAR), and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) are widely used in wind farms. The use of remote sensing helps optimize the use of mast-mounted devices [17]. Wind farms located in lakes, rivers, oceans are called offshore wind farms. In offshore wind farms, resources must be qualified before financing the farm. In the offshore wind, remote sensing can be used in three different ways: ground, aerial and satellite. Ground methods are useful when large wind turbines are installed and weather stations do not allow monitoring in the rotor plane [18]. It is usually used at a height of about 100 m to 200 m above the ground [19].
Geothermal Energy Explained
Agricultural crops and non-food crops can offer sustainable bioenergy production [20]. Biomass refers to living matter from animals or plants. It is one of the most commonly used resources in underdeveloped countries.
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