What Country Uses The Most Geothermal Energy – This fact sheet provides an overview of the use of deep and shallow geothermal energy in Germany and their potential to reduce CO2 emissions during heating.
Germany is not a pioneer in geothermal energy, neither in Europe nor in the world, despite its abundant underground reserves of hot water. And Germany didn’t try to use this huge potential until recently. Deep geothermal power plants account for only 0.1% of the country’s heating and cooling. Shallow geothermal installations typically installed in houses and buildings contribute only 1.2%.
What Country Uses The Most Geothermal Energy
However, reports from Germany’s leading institutes and agencies point to an important role for geothermal energy if the country is to complete its construction.
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The Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics (LIAG) estimates that deep geothermal energy production in Germany has the potential to increase from the current 1.2 terawatt hours (TWh) per year of climate-neutral heat to 100 TWh per year by 2050. And the Agora Energiewende think tank believes that the number of shallow geothermal installations using geothermal heat should decrease from 420 thousand to 2.5 to 3 million. The German Environmental Protection Agency (UBA), Germany’s environmental protection agency, calculates scenarios for Germany’s heat sector, which show that by 2050, shallow and deep geothermal energy will account for half of the country’s heat energy.
Germany has three areas of deep geothermal water: the North German Basin, the Upper Rhine Reef, and the Molasse Basin.
Almost all of Germany has shallow heat sources suitable for shallow geothermal technology, which uses geothermal heat pumps to heat homes and buildings. Around 420,000 geothermal heat pumps heat buildings in Germany. By 2030, six to seven times more will be needed to meet climate targets, such as reducing annual greenhouse gas emissions from the construction sector by 70 to 72 million tonnes.
In Germany, Bavaria has the largest geothermal investment, but Brandenburg has the highest number of geothermal heat pumps per 100,000 people: 575.
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The use of geothermal heat is not new in Germany or Europe. Thermal waters have fed direct thermal baths for thousands of years. Today, many German pools and spas (see figure below) use thermal waters directly or indirectly heated by geothermal springs.
But for the most part, Germany still heats its buildings with oil and gas. In 2018, about a third of Germany’s total final energy consumption was spent on space and water heating in buildings. Greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector, which come almost entirely from heating, account for 15% of total emissions and about 30% including indirect emissions. Currently, more than 90% of heating systems in Germany run on oil and natural gas.
Geothermal energy has its advantages and disadvantages. The good thing is that it is practically unlimited and also a very clean source of energy. Its power plants are small and quiet. Geothermal sources produce electricity, heating and cooling. In addition, it is a sustainable source of energy unlike wind and sun, which depend on the weather. And geothermal heat pumps consume much less electricity than other heating technologies.
Geothermal energy also has its drawbacks, which explains its low utility in Germany today. On the one hand, it is not without emissions. Groundwater fluids contain gases, mainly nitrogen and carbon dioxide, both of which are greenhouse gases. There are also safety concerns as deep drilling and hydraulic fracturing can cause vibrations and even earthquakes. Additionally, drilling costs in particular are very high. A typical geothermal heat and power plant costs around 50-60 million euros today. It takes about six years to design and build a plant.
State By State Energy Use
Geothermal energy has a global future beyond Germany, and indeed many countries are leading the way in its development. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that global geothermal electricity production will nearly triple by 2030.
Globally, geothermal energy development in the United States, Indonesia and the Philippines dwarfs that of most of Europe. In Europe, Turkey and Italy lead in terms of number of deep geothermal power plants and installed capacity (see graphs below). Sweden and the Netherlands have extensive programs to develop the use of geothermal resources. A fifth of all buildings in Sweden rely on geothermal heat pumps for heating and cooling, making it a world leader in the use of shallow geothermal energy. It covers 10 percent of the country’s total heat demand.
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2017 ended with a total installed geothermal power generation capacity of 14,060 MW. This is an increase of 792 MW added in 2017.
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Pdf) The Possible Role And Contribution Of Geothermal Energy To The Mitigation Of Climate Change
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Not only do we publish information about geothermal energy happening around the world, but we also do a lot of background research. Some of our research data is regularly shared at geothermal conferences and in presentations on the website.
However, we plan to publish this data on our new website, which we will launch in the coming months. So stay tuned.
Here is an updated list of the top 10 countries based on installed geothermal power generation capacity (as of January 2015).
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July 25, 2022 9th Geothermal Congress for Latin America and the Caribbean – November 7-9, 2022 – I
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This website uses cookies to improve your experience while browsing the website. Among them, cookies, classified as necessary, are stored in the browser because they are necessary for the operation of the main functions of the website. We also use third-party cookies to help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies are stored in your browser only with your consent. You have the option to disable these cookies. But disabling some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience.
Essential cookies are required for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that provide basic functionality and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information.
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All cookies that may not be necessary for the operation of the website and are used in particular to collect personal data from users through analytics, advertisements, other embedded content, are called non-essential cookies. It is mandatory to obtain user consent before running these cookies on your website. During the last 20 years.
At the beginning of each year, we publish an updated list of the top 10 geothermal countries based on installed power generation capacity at the end of 2019.
It took some time to collect the data this time as it is difficult to collect data on the development of geothermal power plants. You will find inconsistencies in data from different sources, and there are many reasons for this. Some organizations report total capacity, others report operating capacity, others report installed capacity, and still others consider summer and winter average capacity. They are all there
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