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Renewable Energy Resources Definition
Feature Papers represent cutting-edge research with great potential for major impact on the field. Feature Papers are submitted by invitation or recommendation from scientific editors and are reviewed before publication.
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A Feature Paper can be an original research article, a substantive new study that often covers multiple methods or approaches, or a comprehensive overview paper with a concise and detailed update on the latest progress in an area that systematically evaluates the progress of science. . literature. This type of paper provides insight into future research directions or possible applications.
Editors’ Choice articles are based on recommendations from scientific editors of journals around the world. The editors select a number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe are of particular interest to the author or important to the field. The goal is to provide a snapshot of some of the most interesting work published in various fields of journal research.
By Ram Avtar 1, *, Netrananda Sahu 2, 3, Ashwani Kumar Aggarwal 4, Shamik Chakraborty 5, Ali Kharrazi 6, 7, Ali P. Yunus 8, Jie Dou 9 and Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan 10
Key Laboratory of Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems (Xiamen University), Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
Renewables 101: Integrating Renewable Energy Resources Into The Grid
Received: 30 June 2019 / Revised: 9 August 2019 / Accepted: 15 August 2019 / Published: 19 August 2019
Renewable energy has received special attention in the last decade. This is partly due to the depletion of fossil fuels and the growing energy needs of the growing world population. This article attempts to provide an overview of what geographic information systems and remote sensing (GIS) researchers are doing to study renewable energy sources to achieve a more sustainable future. There are several studies related to renewable energy sources namely. This paper discusses geothermal energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass and solar energy. The focus of this overview paper is to explore how remote sensing and GIS-based techniques are useful in identifying the best locations for renewable energy sources. Several case studies from different countries using these methods when investigating sites with different types of renewable energy sources are also included in this paper. While each remote sensing and GIS technique used to effectively monitor renewable energy seems to sell itself as the most effective, it is important to remember that a combination of several methods is more effective in reality. tasks Throughout the document, many problems related to the use of remote sensing and GIS for renewable energy are examined from a current and future perspective and solutions can be proposed. The authors believe that the findings and recommendations from the case studies and literature reviewed in this study will be useful for renewable energy scientists and policy makers.
Geothermal energy; wind energy; biomass; hydropower; solar energy; renewable energy sources; fossil fuel geothermal energy; wind energy; biomass; hydropower; solar energy; renewable energy sources; fossil fuels
Non-renewable energy sources based on fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas and fuel are used, among others, for electricity, transport, home heating and in the processing industry. However, non-renewable energy sources are decreasing as the energy demand is increasing due to the growing population [1, 2, 3]. With increasing recognition and scientific consensus on the threat of climate change in the global community, the need to switch from fossil fuels and transition to renewable energy has become a focus in recent years [4]. So other sources of energy must be found, because energy will always be needed. The share of renewable energy sources is increasing in power generation, heating and transportation systems in cities [5]. This document focuses on five types of renewable energy sources. geothermal, wind, biomass, hydropower and solar energy (Figure 1).
What Are The Problems And Theses Proposed In The Field Of: Renewable Energy Sources?
Geothermal energy is considered an ecologically viable option. According to the special report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on renewable energy sources, climate change will not have a negative impact on the reliability of geothermal energy, but the widespread use of geothermal energy is of great concern to many. reduce greenhouse gas emissions [6]. In addition, modern reservoir management technology combined with the natural replenishment of heat from the ground ensures the sustainable use of this geothermal system. Geothermal energy is physically generated from heat that comes primarily from the decay of radioactive isotopes that occur naturally on Earth. This internal heat combustion is expected to produce a total thermal energy up to a depth of 10 km of 1.3 × 10.
Oil drum [7]. Since the total global energy consumption is equal to approximately 100 million barrels of oil per day, geothermal energy can theoretically provide energy for six million years [8]. Geothermal resources can be classified into three categories: hydrothermal or convective systems, conduction systems, and deep aquifers. Hydrothermal (convective) systems can be dominated by steam or water [9]. Notable surface manifestations include hot springs, fumaroles, and chemically altered rocks. However, sometimes there are no mild manifestations. At the same time, the piping system includes hot bedrock and magmatic sources, and deep aquifers include fluids moving in porous media at a depth of more than 3 km, but without local magmatic heat sources. Electricity can be generated with steam or using secondary hydrocarbon steam to drive a turbine generator to produce electricity. Currently, geothermal energy accounts for about 0.4% of the world’s global electricity production, with a growth rate of 5%. In contrast, solar energy currently provides less than 0.2% of global electricity generation, but has a high growth rate of around 25-30% [10]. Currently, the total installed capacity for geothermal resources worldwide is 10,898 MW, which corresponds to about 67,246 GWh of electricity [6].
Wind energy, an alternative to fossil fuels, is an abundant, renewable and clean resource. Wind energy converts wind energy into electrical energy. Small onshore wind farms bring electricity to remote areas. Statistics show that wind energy is one of the fastest growing energy sources in the world. From 2000-2006, wind energy resources increased fourfold, with many new projects in China, the United States, Denmark, etc. [11, 12]. The potential of wind energy projects is highly dependent on the location of the project. A good pre-investment evaluation helps predict project outcomes and reduce uncertainty [13]. The key features of the success of wind energy projects lie in factors such as wind energy density, height above sea level, land topography, connection through the road network, distance to the electricity network, and the distance to the designated areas [14]. Depending on the location, wind farms are classified into two categories, onshore and onshore [15]. Onshore wind farms are commonly known as onshore wind farms. Onshore wind farm projects consider land topography and surface roughness. Distribution distances and road networks are also considered. For onshore wind farms, satellite images are mainly analyzed to test the feasibility of location and height differences [16]. Satellite images provide guidelines for further decisions in the wind farm project.
In addition to satellite images, Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR), SONic Detection And Ranging (SODAR) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) are also widely used in wind farms. The use of remote sensing helps to optimize the mast-based sensor installation process [17]. Wind farms in lakes, rivers, seas are called offshore wind farms. In offshore wind farms, the facility must be qualified before the farm is financed. In offshore wind energy, remote sensing can be used in three ways: on the ground, in the air and via satellite. Ground-based methods are effective when large wind turbines need to be installed and optical pylons do not allow viewing in the rotor plane [18]. They are usually used at elevations from about 100 m to 200 m above ground level [19].
India Promotes Renewable Procurement Through Open Access
Multi-year biofuel crops and fast-growing non-food crops have the potential to provide sustainable bioenergy production [20]. Biomass refers to biological material from living organisms or plants. It is one of the most common sources of energy in low-income industries
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Renewable Energy Resources
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Author by : John Twidell
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2006-01-16
Publisher by : Taylor & Francis
ISBN :
Description : In the years between the first and this second edition, renewable energy has come of age; it makes good sense, good government and good business. This book considers the unchanging principles of renewable energy technologies alongside modern application and case studies. In this second edition, the presentation of the fundamentals has been improved throughout, and chapters on economics and institutional factors have been added. Likewise, sections on environmental impact have been added to each technology chapter. Renewable Energy Resources supports multi-disciplinary....
Achieving The Paris Climate Agreement Goals
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Author by : Sven Teske
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2019-02-01
Publisher by : Springer
ISBN :
Description : This open access book presents detailed pathways to achieve 100% renewable energy by 2050, globally and across ten geographical regions. Based on state-of-the-art scenario modelling, it provides the vital missing link between renewable energy targets and the measures needed to achieve them. Bringing together the latest research in climate science, renewable energy technology, employment and resource impacts, the book breaks new ground by covering all the elements essential to achieving the ambitious climate mitigation targets set out in the Paris Climate Agreement. For example, sectoral implementation pathways, with special emphasis on differences between developed and developing countries and regional conditions, provide tools to implement the scenarios globally and domestically. Non-energy greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios define a sustainable pathway for land-use change and the agricultural sector. Furthermore, results of the impact of the scenarios on employment and mineral and resource requirements provide vital insight on economic and resource management implications. The book clearly demonstrates that the goals of the Paris Agreement are achievable and feasible with current technology and are beneficial in economic and employment terms. It is essential reading for anyone with responsibility for implementing renewable energy or climate targets internationally or domestically, including climate policy negotiators, policy-makers at all levels of government, businesses with renewable energy commitments, researchers and the renewable energy industry....
Advanced Renewable Energy Sources
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Author by : Gopal Nath Tiwari
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2015-11-09
Publisher by : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN :
Description : This book is an ideal reference text for teaching renewable energy to engineering and science students, as well as a reference book for scientists and professionals doing self study on the subject. The book has twelve chapters and starts with the definition and classification of renewable and non renewable energy and their status at global level. This chapter also contains the basic heat transfer mechanisms and laws of thermodynamics. It then deals with availability of solar radiation at different latitudes and energy and exergy analysis of flat plate collector, solar air collector, solar concentrator, evacuated tube collector, solar water heating system, solar distillation and solar cooker. The following chapter discusses the basics of semiconductor, its characteristics, working, characteristics of solar cell in dark and daylight situation, fundamentals of characteristic curves of semiconductor, fundamentals of PV module and array and some PVT systems. Detailed discussion on biomass, bio-fuels and biogas and their applications and the power produced by them, namely bio-power, is covered in the following chapters. Other renewable energy sources like hydropower, wind and geothermal are then covered as well as a chapter dealing with the working principle, basic theory and the capability to produce power from ocean thermal, tidal, wave and animal energy conversion systems. Subsequently, net CO2 mitigation, carbon credit, climate change and environmental impacts of all renewable energy resources are all covered followed by a discussion on the techno-economic feasibility of any energy sources as the backbone of its success and hence energy and economic analysis. The chapters deal the overall exergy of renewable energy sources by using the thermal and mechanical power and electrical energy as output. SI units are used throughout the book in solving various exercises in each chapter and conversion units of various physical and chemical parameters of metals and non-metals are also given in appendices....
Renewable Energy Resources
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Author by : John Twidell
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2006
Publisher by : Taylor & Francis
ISBN :
Description : "This second edition maintains the book's basis on fundamentals, whilst including experience gained from the rapid growth of renewable energy technologies as secure national resources and for climate change mitigation, more extensively illustrated with case studies and worked problems. The presentation has been improved throughout, along with a new chapter on economics and institutional factors. Each chapter begins with fundamental theory from a scientific perspective, then considers applied engineering examples and developments, and includes a set of problems and solutions and a bibliography of printed and web-based material for further study. Common symbols and cross referencing apply throughout, essential data are tabulated in appendices. Sections on social and environmental aspects have been added to each technology chapter." -- back cover....
Introduction To Renewable Energy
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Author by : Vaughn C. Nelson
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2011-04-25
Publisher by : CRC Press
ISBN :
Description : As the world population grows and places more demand on limited fossil fuels, renewable energy becomes more relevant as part of the solution to the impending energy dilemma. Renewable energy is now included in national policies, with goals for it to be a significant percentage of generated energy within the coming decades. A comprehensive overview, Introduction to Renewable Energy explores how we can use the sun, wind, biomass, geothermal resources, and water to generate more sustainable energy. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, the book integrates economic, social, environmental, policy, and engineering issues related to renewable energy. It explains the fundamentals of energy, including the transfer of energy, as well as the limitations of natural resources. Starting with solar power, the text illustrates how energy from the sun is transferred and stored; used for heating, cooling, and lighting; collected and concentrated; and converted into electricity. A chapter describes residential power usage—including underground and off-grid homes—and houses that are designed to use energy more efficiently or to be completely self-sufficient. Other chapters cover wind power; bioenergy, including biofuel; and geothermal heat pumps; as well as hydro, tidal, and ocean energy. Describing storage as a billion-dollar idea, the book discusses the challenges of storing energy and gives an overview of technologies from flywheels to batteries. It also examines institutional issues such as environmental regulations, incentives, infrastructure, and social costs and benefits. Emphasizing the concept of life-cycle cost, the book analyzes the costs associated with different sources of energy. With recommendations for further reading, formulas, case studies, and extensive use of figures and diagrams, this textbook is suitable for undergraduates in Renewable Energy courses as well as for non-specialists seeking an introduction to renewable energy. Pedagogical Features: End-of-chapter problems Numerous case studies More than 150 figures and illustrations A solutions manual is available upon qualifying course adoption...
Renewable Energy And Wildlife Conservation
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Author by : Christopher E. Moorman
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2019-09-10
Publisher by : JHU Press
ISBN :
Description : Brings together disparate conversations about wildlife conservation and renewable energy, suggesting ways these two critical fields can work hand in hand. Renewable energy is often termed simply "green energy," but its effects on wildlife and other forms of biodiversity can be quite complex. While capturing renewable resources like wind, solar, and energy from biomass can require more land than fossil fuel production, potentially displacing wildlife habitat, renewable energy infrastructure can also create habitat and promote species health when thoughtfully implemented. The authors of Renewable Energy and Wildlife Conservation argue that in order to achieve a balanced plan for addressing these two crucially important sustainability issues, our actions at the nexus of these fields must be directed by current scientific information related to the ecological effects of renewable energy production. Synthesizing an extensive, rapidly growing base of research and insights from practitioners into a single, comprehensive resource, contributors to this volume • describe processes to generate renewable energy, focusing on the Big Four renewables—wind, bioenergy, solar energy, and hydroelectric power • review the documented effects of renewable energy production on wildlife and wildlife habitats • consider current and future policy directives, suggesting ways industrial-scale renewables production can be developed to minimize harm to wildlife populations • explain recent advances in renewable power technologies • identify urgent research needs at the intersection of renewables and wildlife conservation Relevant to policy makers and industry professionals—many of whom believe renewables are the best path forward as the world seeks to meet its expanding energy needs—and wildlife conservationists—many of whom are alarmed at the rate of renewables-related habitat conversion—this detailed book culminates with a chapter underscoring emerging opportunities in renewable energy ecology. Contributors: Edward B. Arnett, Brian B. Boroski, Regan Dohm, David Drake, Sarah R. Fritts, Rachel Greene, Steven M. Grodsky, Amanda M. Hale, Cris D. Hein, Rebecca R. Hernandez, Jessica A. Homyack, Henriette I. Jager, Nicole M. Korfanta, James A. Martin, Christopher E. Moorman, Clint Otto, Christine A. Ribic, Susan P. Rupp, Jake Verschuyl, Lindsay M. Wickman, T. Bently Wigley, Victoria H. Zero...
Deploying Renewables
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Author by : International Energy Agency
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2008
Publisher by : OECD Publishing
ISBN :
Description : Accompanying CD-ROM includes PDF file: Country profiles facts and figures....
