Renewable Energy Consumption By Country – In the four decades since 1980, global energy consumption has doubled from 77 trillion kWh to nearly 155 trillion kWh.
The graph above shows per capita global energy consumption in 2020 based on data from Our World in Data. Energy consumption includes electricity, transportation and heating.
Renewable Energy Consumption By Country
Iceland tops the list and is also the largest generator of electricity per capita. With the country’s abundant geothermal resources, geothermal and hydroelectric plants account for more than 99% of Iceland’s electricity production.
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Many of the top ten countries are major energy producers or heavy industry economies. For example, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Kuwait, Norway and Qatar are among the 15 largest oil producing countries in the world. Similarly, Trinidad and Tobago is the largest producer of oil and gas in the Caribbean and one of the largest exporters of ammonia in the world.
The presence of energy-intensive industries such as oil and gas extraction is likely to be an important factor affecting the total energy consumption and per capita in these countries.
Iceland’s three aluminum smelters (Alcoa, Rio Tinto Alcan and Century Aluminum) use more energy than all other sectors combined and account for 30% of the country’s CO2 emissions. Iceland is not rich in bauxite (the raw material used to make aluminum), but cheap and clean electricity is a great incentive for aluminum smelters to start operating on the island.
For similar reasons, Iceland is also a popular target for data centers and bitcoin mining. Year-round cold weather reduces cooling costs for thousands of computers running around the clock, and clean electricity from the grid reduces carbon emissions.
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In general, it is not surprising that the housing sector is one of the least energy consumers, despite the importance of heating a home in colder climates. Iceland’s industry, especially aluminum, accounts for most of its energy consumption, making its total per capita consumption higher than all other countries.
The countries at the bottom of the list are among the world’s least developed economies, with relatively low GDP per capita figures.
These countries consume much less energy per capita compared to the global average of 19,836 kWh. Unlike the major countries, the per capita GDP is less than $1,000.
As economies expand, cities become electrified, megacities appear, and industry grows, leading to increased global energy consumption. Globally, if economic growth continues, per capita energy consumption is likely to continue to rise steadily.
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Various maps: countries at high risk of floods Recent floods in Pakistan have affected more than 33 million people. Where is the greatest flood risk in the world?
Devastating floods in Pakistan have killed more than 1,400 people this summer, and a third of the country is under water.
The question is: Which countries and their populations are most at risk of flooding worldwide?
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This graphic depicts flood risks worldwide, highlighting the 1.81 billion people directly exposed to 1 flood every 100 years. The methodology takes into account the potential risks of inland and coastal flooding.
Not surprisingly, in countries with large coastlines, river systems and plains, a high proportion of the population is at risk.
The Netherlands and Bangladesh are the only countries in the world where more than half of the population is at risk of flooding (59% and 58%, respectively). Vietnam (46%), Egypt (41%) and Burma (40%) complete the rest of the top five.
Apart from the Netherlands, only two European countries are in the top 20 in terms of percentage of the population at risk: Austria (18th with 29%) and Albania (20th with 28%).
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Southeast Asia alone is home to more than two-thirds of the world’s flood-prone population of 1.24 billion people.
China and India have populations of 395 million and 390 million, respectively, with both countries leading in the absolute number of people at risk of rising water levels. The other five countries with the highest number of people at risk are Bangladesh (94 million people at risk), Indonesia (76 million people at risk) and Pakistan (72 million people at risk).
While expected natural and climatic disasters may take years to manifest themselves, floods affected more than 100 million people in 2021. Recent summer floods in Pakistan continued this trend in 2022.
As 31% of the population (72 million people) is at risk of flooding, Pakistan is particularly vulnerable to flooding.
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In 2010, it was estimated that floods in Pakistan affected more than 18 million people. It is estimated that the recent floods, which began in June, have affected more than 33 million people, and submerged more than a third of the country.
While human growth is by far the biggest problem with floods, it also has huge economic costs. Last year, droughts, floods and storms totaled $224.2 billion worldwide, nearly double the annual average of $117.8 billion between 2001 and 2020.
A recent report predicts that water-related risks (from droughts, floods and storms) could absorb $5.6 trillion of global GDP by 2050, with floods expected to account for 36% of these direct losses.
As the human and economic toll from floods continues to mount, countries around the world will need to focus on preventive infrastructure and remedial solutions for already affected and most vulnerable ecosystems and communities.
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Urbanization Visualize the physical impact of global urbanization Global material use is expected to increase from 41 billion tons in 2010 to about 89 billion tons in 2050. This graph shows the impact of urbanization.
Cities occupy only 2% of the world’s land area, but activities within their borders consume more than 75% of the planet’s physical resources.
As urban areas expand, global consumption of materials is expected to increase from 41.1 billion tons in 2010 to about 89 billion tons in 2050.
In today’s chart, we use data from the United Nations International Resource Panel to illustrate the significant impact of global urbanization.
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Currently, more than 4.3 billion people live in urban environments, or 55% of the world’s population, and by 2050 this number is expected to rise to 80%.
Every year the world produces a huge amount of materials to ensure the continuous construction of man-made environments.
To calculate how much we use to build our cities, the United Nations uses National Material Consumption (DMC), which is a measure of all raw materials extracted from a country’s territory each year, plus all physical imports, minus all physical exports.
In general, the consumption of substances is very uneven in different regions of the world. In terms of physical footprint, the world’s richest countries consume 10 times the consumption of the world’s poorest and twice the consumption of the global average.
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Based on total urban DMC, East Asia is the global leader in material consumption, with China consuming more than half of the world’s aluminum and concrete.
According to the United Nations, most of the city will be developed in cities of the global south, especially China, India and Nigeria.
Consumption will increase in Asia as the continent is home to most of the world’s major cities, and cities with a population of over 10 million.
However, the biggest leap in the coming decades will come in Africa. The population of the continent is expected to double by 2050, and the consumption of materials is expected to increase from 2 billion tons to 17.7 billion tons annually.
Primary Energy Consumption By Country 2021
By 2050, the world population is expected to grow by nearly two and a half billion people, and new and existing cities must absorb many of them.
This could exacerbate current problems such as pollution and carbon dioxide emissions, but it could also be an opportunity to develop the resource-efficient, low-carbon cities of the future.
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So far, Sweden is the leader in terms of the amount of renewable energy in Europe. Its share of renewable energy was 53.8% in 2016, well above its 2020 target of 49%. Finland also does well in renewable energy, which accounts for 38.7% of renewable energy
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Renewable Energy In Europe
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Author by : European Renewable Energy Council (EREC)
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2010
Publisher by : Earthscan
ISBN :
Description : "How can the European Union meet its binding 20% renewable energy target in final energy consumption by the year 2020? Which sources offer the best prospects for realizing this goal? These are the questions answered by this key book which analyses the current situation of renewable energy in Europe, examines the latest technological, financial and economic developments, and outlines ways in which the renewable energy market can be developed. The book is divided into sections examining the integration of renewable energy, electricity, heating and cooling as well as biofuels. All the main technologies are covered, with exploration of: benefits and applications; costs and prices; markets and installed capacity; policy instruments; key countries and success stories; and targets and long term potential. This will be essential reading for policy decision-makers at all levels and to all those involved in the development of the renewable energy industry."--Publisher's description....
Energy Transitions In Mediterranean Countries
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Author by : Silvana Bartoletto
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2020-10-30
Publisher by : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN :
Description : This illuminating book analyses energy transitions, carbon dioxide emissions and the security of energy supply in Mediterranean countries. Unpacking the history of energy transitions, from coal to oil and natural gas, and from non-renewable to renewable energy sources, Silvana Bartoletto offers a comparative approach to the major trends in energy consumption, production, trade and security in Mediterranean countries in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa....
Energy
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Author by : Pardeep Singh
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2021-09-14
Publisher by : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN :
Description : Energy Global energy demand has more than doubled since 1970. The use of energy is strongly related to almost every conceivable aspect of development: wealth, health, nutrition, water, infrastructure, education and even life expectancy itself are strongly and significantly related to the consumption of energy per capita. Many development indicators are strongly related to per-capita energy consumption. Fossil fuel is the most conventional source of energy but also increases greenhouse gas emissions. The economic development of many countries has come at the cost of the environment. However, it should not be presumed that a reconciliation of the two is not possible. The nexus concept is the interconnection between the resource energy, water, food, land, and climate. Such interconnections enable us to address trade-offs and seek synergies among them. Energy, water, food, land, and climate are essential resources of our natural environment and support our quality of life. Competition between these resources is increasing globally and is exacerbated by climate change. Improving resilience and securing resource availability would require improving resource efficiency. Many policies and programs are announced nationally and internationally for replacing the conventional mode and also emphasizing on conservation of fossil fuels and reuse of exhausted energy, so a gap in implications and outcomes can be broadly traced by comparing the data. This book aims to highlight problems and solutions related to conventional energy utilization, formation, and multitudes of ecological impacts and tools for the conservation of fossil fuels. The book also discusses modern energy services as one of the sustainable development goals and how the pressure on resource energy disturbs the natural flows. The recent advances in alternative energy sources and their possible future growth are discussed and on how conventional energy leads to greenhouse gas formation, which reduces energy use efficiency. The different policies and models operating is also addressed, and the gaps that remained between them. Climate change poses a challenge for renewable energy, and thus it is essential to identify the factors that would reduce the possibility of relying on sustainable energy sources. This book will be of interest to researchers and stakeholders, students, industries, NGOs, and governmental agencies directly or indirectly associated with energy research....
Green Power
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Author by : Joao Neiva de Figueiredo
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2014-02-05
Publisher by : CRC Press
ISBN :
Description : Green Power: Perspectives on Sustainable Electricity Generation provides a systematic overview of the current state of green power and renewable electrical energy production in the world. Presenting eight in-depth case studies of green power production and dissemination, it illustrates the experiences and best practices of various countries on this topic of critical importance. The book’s case studies provide readers with policy, business, and societal perspectives. They examine the differences in each country’s natural endowments, cultural make-up, technological development, public-policy concerns, and institutional incentive structures relative to the advancement of green and sustainable energy. Considers China’s energy profile and what is being done to reduce the country’s reliance on coal Describes the cultural foundations and institutional environment that gave birth to Germany’s energy revolution Supplies an overview of the renewable energy sector in Spain and analyzes its future prospects in light of recent economic difficulties Reports on French Polynesia’s progress in its quest to generate half of its electricity from renewable sources by 2020 Investigates the feasibility of biomass as a large-scale electricity generation option Explores the vision of power generation in space that could solve mankind’s energy needs permanently By illustrating the experiences of other nations, the book outlines valuable lessons learned and best practices that can be extremely helpful to other countries as they seek a greener energy profile. Supplying a timely overview of renewable and non-renewable electric power sources, it provides in-depth analysis of the key factors that affect success. It also identifies practices that have been precursors to failure so you can avoid making the same mistakes in your quest to contribute to the long-overdue advancement of green energy....
World Energy Resources
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Author by : Charles E. Brown
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2002-03-26
Publisher by : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN :
Description : World Energy Resources is an explanatory energy survey of the countries and major regions of the world, their geographic and economic settings, and signif icant inter-relationships. This book attempts to combine several interacting energy themes that encompass a historical development, energy issues and forecasts, economic geography, environmental programs, and world energy use. The main thrust of this book -World Energy Resources - is based on princi ples of energy science, applied geology, geophysics, and other environmental sciences as they relate to the exploration, exploitation, and production of resources in this country and throughout the world. This work is an analysis of the United States (USA) and world oil, gas, coal, and alternative energy resources and their associated issues, forecasts, and related policy. This book could not have been attempted without a broad geological exposure and international ge ographic awareness. Much information is scattered among federal and state agencies, schools, and other institutions, and this book has attempted to com bine some of the vast information base. This attempt can only skim the infor mation surface at best, but its regional and topical coverage is broad in scope. Part I introduces conventional energy resources and their historical develop ments, and includes chapters 1 to 7. The basic concepts and supporting facts on energy sources are presented here for the general education of energy analysts, policy makers, and scientists that desire a brief review of advanced technologies and history....
Relationship Between Quality Of Life And Energy Usage
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Author by : Reza Nadimi
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2019-04-17
Publisher by : Springer
ISBN :
Description : This book utilizes statistical techniques to define a quality of life (QoL) indicator combining the three dimensions of economy, health, and education. In turn, it uses modeling to assess the impact of energy consumption on 112 countries’ QoL. What sets the proposed model apart from previous research is its ability to distinguish between pre-developing, developing, and developed countries. One important aspect of this distinction is their different global energy policies and their priorities with regard to achieving sustainable energy consumption. Accordingly, the book also discusses eco-sufficiency, eco-efficiency, and energy poverty reduction for the three different types of countries. In turn, the book provides general information on how to reconcile sustainable energy consumption with QoL and economic development. Optimization programming technique and simulation are applied to measure potential energy saving in each country, without sacrificing economic progress, and while maintaining QoL. Given its scope, the book is highly recommended to the following audiences: (1) readers seeking a state-of-the-art quantitative work on energy systems and QoL; (2) manufacturers and developers of renewable energy technologies who consider renewables as an option for mitigating energy poverty; and (3) international institutions such as the United Nations seeking a sustainable global energy strategy....
Sustainable Energy For All Status Report
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Author by : Asian Development Bank
Languange Used : en
Release Date : 2015-09-01
Publisher by : Asian Development Bank
ISBN :
Description : The Sustainable Energy for All (SE4All) initiative is the global effort rallying action towards a transformation in the energy sector by the year 2030. With targets to increase energy use, expand energy efficiency, and ensure energy access for all, SE4All's priorities are tied closely to the challenges of developing Asia and the Pacific, which is confronting issues of energy sustainability, security, and widespread energy poverty. In the interest of combining efforts and resources to meet the challenge, the Asian Development Bank, the United Nations Development Programme, and the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific have partnered to act as the leading organizations for the SE4All Regional Hub for Asia and the Pacific. Together, they are supporting actions among developing countries in the region that will put them on track to transform their energy sectors, in line with SE4All. This report summarizes the initial activities of the Regional Hub, and contextualizes the challenges in Asia and the Pacific with the global efforts to reach the 2030 targets....
